Methods for identifying factors influencing the complexity of urban bus routes

Abstract

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the key factors for assessing the complexity of urban public transport, particularly bus routes, their resulting impacts, and applicable technological tools. Factors such as route geometry, number and density of stops, number and type of intersections, pedestrian crossings and railway crossings directly affect service quality and travel time reliability. The research employs GPS monitoring system technologies. Using GIS software such as QGIS, methods for route optimization and visual complexity analysis are demonstrated. This empirical and analytical approach serves to enhance the economic efficiency of urban bus transport, improve the level of passenger needs satisfaction, and develop additional policy and planning measures through comprehensive statistical analysis. The results provide practical recommendations for modernizing urban transport systems.